The Adventures Of Mr. Obadiah Oldbuck Essay - 1201 Words

Dating back to 1841, modern comics have had a long history. Since The Adventures of Mr. Obadiah Oldbuck, which is generally accepted as the first American comic, comics as a genre of literature has changed both technologically and in perception (Greenberger). Throughout American history, comics have served as both an influence and a reflection of the time period. As America grew, changed, and experienced major historical events, society and the ideas within changed along with it. Many comic historians cite Genovese author and painter Rodolph Tà ¶pffer as the first modern comic artist (â€Å"Comics Theory†). Tà ¶pffer is the author of a comic titled Histoire de M. Vieux Bois, which was published in 1839. This was eventually translated in 1841 to the first American comic The Adventures of Mr. Obidiah Oldbuck (Greenberger). Though this was the first comic published in America, it cannot be said to reflect American history very well since it was not originally written in America. Instead, it was first published in Europe before gaining widespread popularity in the United States (Tà ¶pffer 2014). Years later in 1894, the first significant recurring comic strip character The Yellow Kid debuted (Greenberger). Created by Richard Outcault, The Yellow Kid was seen as the beginning of the â€Å"Funnies†, the name given to comic strips in newspapers at the time (â€Å"Comic Theory†). His debut led to an explosion of merchandising, culminating in the publication of a collection of comic strips in 1897.Show MoreRelatedThe Yellow Kid, By G. W. Cox1360 Words   |  6 Pagesfuture comic books to come, and even coined the name Comic Book on the back of the cover. But even before the Yellow Kid, comic books had existed in what has been coined the Victorian age, which started in 1837 with the comic The Adventures of Obadiah Oldbuck . It was published in several different European languages and even arrived in the United States in 1842. While several other comics existed in the Victorian age; such as The Brownies: Their Book, Harper s, Puck, Judge, Life , and

The Bubble Economy. The Direct Cause Of The Japanese Banking

The Bubble Economy The direct cause of the Japanese banking crisis was the collapse of the asset price bubble during the late 1980s to the early 1990s. During 1980s, sustained economic growth and low inflation rate were the main characteristics of macroeconomic environment in Japan. This condition caused the upward growth expectations of asset prices, uncontrolled credit expansion and financial deregulation. At the same period, the United States has a substantial increase in the current account deficit and a sharp increase in the foreign trade deficit. In order to depreciate the U.S. dollar by intervening in currency markets, five countries including France, West Germany, Japan, the United States and the United Kingdom signed the Plaza†¦show more content†¦At the same time, these financial institutions may loosen their credit standards in order to get higher loan market share. As a consequence, their lending decisions were based more on collateral requirements rather than cash-flow analysis. In order to accelerate credit-check procedures for loan approval, many banks transferred the responsibility for loan-risk evaluation from their credit-investigation bureaus to less independent monitoring bureaus reporting directly to the banks’ sales divisions. The second problem is the defects in corporate governance of Japanese banks. First, because of the structure of bank ownership, few shareholders own the majority of the total shares, most shareholders have modest control over the management of banks. Second, shareholders lack of incentive so it is difficult for them to against managements’ decisions. Third, the internal and external audit was very limited. Besides, the central bank in Japan has also been criticized for its role in aggravating the bubble economy. 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The Negotiation Strategies In International Business Commerce Essay Free Essays

string(44) " political enterprisers in other countries\." In concern relationships, parties negotiate because they think they can act upon the procedure in such a manner that they can acquire a better trade than merely accepting or rejecting what the other party is offering. Ghauri ( 2003 ) says concern dialogue is a voluntary procedure of spring and take where both parties modify their offers and outlooks in order to come closer to each other. In literature, sometimes â€Å" bargaining † and â€Å" dialogue † are used interchangeably. We will write a custom essay sample on The Negotiation Strategies In International Business Commerce Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Negotiation, besides called â€Å" integrative bargaining † , refers to win-win dialogue where both or all parties involved can stop up with every bit good or attractive results. In other words, everyone can win. It is more related to a problem-solving attack, where both parties involved perceive the procedure of dialogue as a procedure to happen a solution to a common job. In integrative bargaining nevertheless, if dialogues are non decently handled, both parties can stop up with a jointly inferior trade. With dialogue, it is possible for both parties to accomplish their aims and one party ‘s addition is non dependent upon the other party ‘s grant. Business dialogue is considered by many writers as being this type of dialogue. The power/dependence relation is another basic feature of all dialogue processes. It is closely related to the existent power relation, which is influenced by the value of the relationship to the parties and their available options. Background factors for illustration the market place – can act upon the power/dependence relation. The ability to command a relationship is related to the sensed power of two parties, their comparative expertness and entree to information. This power is a belongings of the relationship and non an property of the histrion ; in fact, it is closely related to dependance. Therefore, the power relationship is in balance if both parties perceive equal power. The power relationship is imbalanced if one of the parties perceives more power, or if one party is dependent on the other. The dramatic growing of international trade over the last five decennaries has been non merely in footings of volume but in complexness every bit good. International sellers are now more and more concern negotiants, who invariably discuss trades across boundary lines with a assortment of people, runing from consumers to mediators and even rivals. Technology frequently plays a major function in such trades and this could misdirect people into believing that the whole dialogue procedure is chiefly an applied scientists ‘ treatment based on rational and scientific facts. In fact, proficient complexness intermingles with human complexness to render such dialogue processes hard to pull off. A considerable sum of literature is available on dialogues, some of it besides on concern dialogues but the field of international concern dialogues is rather neglected. Strategic Negotiations. Richard Walton etal,1994 identify three primary dialogues schemes. These are â€Å" forcing, † â€Å" fosterage, † and â€Å" flight. † Each represents an overarching form of interaction that characterizes the dialogues. A scheme does non emerge all at one time, but over clip as a consequence of consistent forms of interaction. A forcing scheme by and large involves taking a â€Å" distributive † or win/lose attack to the dialogues, combined with a â€Å" divide and conquer † attack to internal dealingss in the other side, and an attitudinal attack that emphasizes uncertainness and misgiving. By contrast, a fosterage scheme by and large involves taking an â€Å" integrative † or win/win attack to the dialogues, combined with a â€Å" consensus † attack to internal dealingss in both sides, and an attitudinal attack that emphasizes openness and apprehension. â€Å" Escape † is a non-negotiations scheme in w hich one or more parties seek to stop or undersell the relationship. Dietmeyer and Kaplan ( 2004 ) utilize a research-based attack to dialogue that assists gross revenues professionals in making their ain concern ends, while guaranting that their clients run into budget and professional aims as well-going beyond win-win to accomplish true, mensurable concern value for all parties at the negociating tabular array. Power and Diplomacy Power. Susan Strange ( 1998 ) brings out that power accrues to those who can offer or deny security ; those who manage the creative activity of wealth by production ; those who create recognition to let or deny other people to pass today and pay back tomorrow ; those who ( myocardial infarction ) manage the currency in which recognition is denominated ; those who have knowledge ( advanced engineering ) which provides military high quality and laterality in other power constructions. John De La Mothe ( 2002 ) , argues that scientific discipline, engineering and invention have long been cardinal factors in the competitory advantage of states. Today, nevertheless, the new international political economic system is being progressively driven by scientific discipline and engineering in new ways. Integration, globalisation and internationalisation have all become war cries for a series of dynamic procedures in which scientific discipline and engineering are profoundly concerned. As a conse quence, non merely are the policies of â€Å" national † authoritiess being exposed in footings of the bounds of their sovereignty, but scientific discipline and engineering are being progressively implicated in a broad array of public issues – runing from security, privateness, development and economic growing to employment, environment, foreign policy and geopolitics. Clearly, in today ‘s rising universe, the ways in which authoritiess organize their scientific discipline and engineering policy, their scientific discipline and engineering intelligence, and their research advisory constructions and resources matter more today than of all time before. Diplomacy. James Rosenau was one of the first to propose that the domestic and international are someway ‘linked ‘ and elaborated upon what he termed ‘linkage political relations ‘ ( 1969 ) . Scholars concentrating on the regional impact of domestic political relations are Karl Deutsch ( 1957 ) and Ernst Haas ( 1958 ) . Haas high spots two types of ‘spillover. ‘ The first type, functional spillover, occurs when cooperation in certain sectors of the economic system ( or society ) creates technocratic force per unit area for cooperation in bordering sectors, thereby impeling integrating frontward. The 2nd type, political spillover, occurs when ongoing cooperation in certain countries empowers supranational functionaries to move as informal political enterprisers in other countries. You read "The Negotiation Strategies In International Business Commerce Essay" in category "Essay examples" In order to pull off complex technocratic issues more efficacio usly, rational authoritiess must depute discretion to experts, Judgess and administrative officials, thereby making powerful new supranational histrions with an involvement in cooperation. Graham Allison in Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis ( 1971 ) excessively, speaks of an ‘overlap ‘ between international and domestic political relations. In State Power and the Structure of International Trade, Krasner argues that that openness in the universe economic system is most likely to happen â€Å" during periods when a hegemonic province is in its dominance † . Equally long as the province ‘s technological lead is increasing, its leading will comprehend economic advantages to openness, since openness will spread out markets for the merchandises of its technologically sophisticated industries. The hegemon will besides derive politically, since the â€Å" chance costs of closing † will be low, comparative to those confronting smaller and poorer provinces. Conversely, when several big, unevenly developed provinces coexist, Krasner predicts that the more backward provinces will happen openness economically and politically dearly-won and will therefore resist it. Greater trade closing will, hence, consequence ( Keohane 1997 ) . Like Gilpin before him, Krasner excessively stresses on the influence of the Ã¢â‚¬Ë œ strength ‘ of the province on international trade. The important point is the correlativity between what occurs within a province is related to what occurs beyond province boundaries. Robert Putnam in Diplomacy and Domestic Politicss: The Logic of Two Level Games ( 1988 ) argues that domestic constructions and diplomatic negotiations are endlessly entangled and says that the negotiant is under force per unit area to accommodate domestic and international struggles. Putnam ‘s work challenges the ‘level of analysis ‘ attack to analyzing international dealingss which stresses the importance of sorting informations under three bunchs: the systemic, national and the person ( Singer 1961 ) . Mayer ( 1991 ) develops a theoretical account to research the deductions of domestic political divisions for international strategic battle in international trade. He explores the topic by handling international trade as a game and placing the participants and analyzing how they play. The observation that there are several overlapping games being played, a few of them being strategic and others non, is important. Policies such as duty, quotas, and export and produc tion subsidies are the tools used by the participants to derive an advantage in the international strategic trade game ( Krugman 1986 ) . Work on ‘strategic trade policy ‘ physiques on game theoretical theoretical accounts which analyse how provinces use trade policies to leverage their economic public presentation. India and Nanotechnology ( The literature study included, amongst others, a perusing of one-year studies of GOI MOD, DST, CSIR, TIFAC, CII ; back issues ( app 3years ) of Business universe, New Scientist, Hindu Businessline and Business Today. ) GOI enterprises include DST launched Nano Science and Technology Initiative ( NSTI ) with an allotment of Rs. 1000 crore, Government has spent about Rs. 250 crore, over the past five old ages to advance R A ; D in the country of nanotechnology. 100 research undertakings on the synthesis and assembly of ceramic nanoparticles, nano tubings, nano wires, nanoporous solids, and DNA french friess have been supported by the Government. CII Enterprises have resulted in ; India-UK Joint Economic and Trade Cooperation, Indo-US High Technology Cooperation Group ( HTCG ) , Nanotechnology partnership with Taiwan, a figure of Nanotechnology Conclaves, Nanotechnology Cluster-CMTI, Jharkhand Nanotechnology Initiative, West Bengal Nano Park etc. CII is working closely with the Government of India on US India High-Technology Cooperation Group ( HTCG ) formed on November 2002. The HTCG acts to ease and advance bilateral high-technology trade. The focal point countries of the nucleus group include Information Technology, Defense, Life Sciences and Nanotechnology. Gaining the potency of nanotechnology, HTCG working group on Nanotechnology is formed to ease seamless flow of cognition between both the states and joint development undertakings affecting industries. The Confederation of Indian Industry ( CII ) has put together a 10-point action program to authorise Indian industry to come out with commercial nanotechnology merchandises, which it believes will drive the hereafter of industry worldwide. The action program includes awareness creative activity, preparation and accomplishments development, engineering facilitation and networking and easing collaborative undertakings. The Nano Science and Technology Consortium works to make a platform conducive for the growing, publicity and partnering in the field of Nano Science and Technology taking together industries, faculty members and authorities through consultative, consultative and educative procedures which will supply growing platform for organisations, faculty members and authoritiess for tackling the Nano potency at Global degree. Companies like Samsung have already entered the Indian market with a scope of merchandises utilizing nanotechnology such as icebox, rinsing machine and air-cooler. Samsung uses nano-silver in assorted composings in its merchandise scope. Further, companies like Tata Steel, Tata Chemicals, Mahindra A ; Mahindra, Nicholas Piramal and Intel have invested around $ 250 million in the domestic market towards this terminal. Yash Nanotech has inked understandings with IIT Mumbai, NCL Pune and the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre of Advanced Research, Bangalore, to set about planetary contract research and set up nanotech fabrication installations. Civil Applications. These can be grouped under four caputs, viz. , sensing, including imagination, detectors and detector webs for the sensing of pathogens and chemicals ; protection, including decontamination equipment and filters, and personal protection ; designation, including anti-counterfeiting and hallmark, forensics, quantum cryptanalysis and the market for forgery and gray goods ; social impacts, including current regulative and ethical models, possible impacts on moralss and human rights, and public perceptual experience. Application in the field of medical specialty is one of the most absorbing countries that include new malignant neoplastic disease therapies, drug bringing systems, and biomaterials for implants or prosthetic device or diagnostic tools, which are under development or already in market. An of import country of application of nanotechnology includes fresh drug bringing techniques, which are quicker A ; less hazardous, compared to the costs of developing new drugs. Military Applications. These besides flow out from civil applications in countries like ; higher public presentation platforms ( aircraft, ships, bombers, boats and orbiters ) , enhanced feeling through more sensitive and selective detectors, enhanced human public presentation, information laterality through enhanced information engineering, improved battleground casualty direction, lower life rhythm costs with improved stuffs, coatings, and condition-based care etc. Stake holders. The assorted interest holders include ; authoritiess, Industry, Entrepreneurs, R A ; D, Institutions, Academic Research Institutions, and Society. Case Studies. These can be subdivided into those which pertain to PSUs, R A ; D constitutions and Defense and the private sector endeavors. The private sector industries which can be studied for dialogues ensuing in assorted types of partnerships/JVs/MOUs/TOTs etc. are listed below: – Measuring devices A ; equipments: Bharat Heavy Electrical Ltd, Icon Analytical equipment. Ltd. , Veeco.Health Care: Dabur Research Foundation, Bharat Biotech International Ltd. , Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd. Materials processing: Tata Chemicals, Pune. Reliance India Limited. Car: Mahindra A ; Mahindra, Tata Motors, United Nanotechnologies Pvt. Ltd. Electronics: Bharat Electronics Ltd, SemIndia Systems, Samtel India. How to cite The Negotiation Strategies In International Business Commerce Essay, Essay examples

Collective Bargaining at Astar Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Collective Bargaining at Astar. Answer: The following rules and guidelines should be followed in relation to settling of highlighted issue of employees claim to receive fixed tenure of break on every working day. The factory manager of Precisions Watch Factory has pointed out these issues. The workers should be allowed a fixed period of time during which they should be able to enjoy socialising with each other. The workers should get it without having to approach the management for it. If the management does not agree to allow the workers the fixed amount of time to socialise, the workers have the right to stop work and take any measure they deem fit to get their demands fulfilled. The workers should arrange for legal advisors who can provide them with timely advises regarding their rights and entitlements as workers. The legal advisors should educate workers about the labour laws and safety laws, which give protection to them against the exploitation of the management. The advisors should educate the workers about acts like the Fair Work Act 2009 in Australia, which gives workers in Australia minimum amount of pay, leaves and right to lead a normal life and socialise. The legal representative of the management should fix dates for discussion only when the four parties participating in the dispute namely, the management, its legal representatives, the workers and their legal representatives. The lawyers from both the sides should ensure fixing of dates convenient to each other and legal recourse if one of the parties refuses to cooperate. The laws like Fair Work Act 2009 give power to the workers to approach the court of law if they feel they are suffering exploitation and the management is not fulfilling their basic demands. The workers can ask for help from the court even without the permission of the employer. If the discussion between the employees, employer and their respective lawyers fail, both the parties can move to the matter to the court. The workers in that case can cease work till their demands are met. There are certain rules and guidelines regarding, which there can be disagreement of lack of consensus between the employer, namely Astar, the employees and their respective representatives. The rules or regulations are stated and explained as under: The first rule says that if the management do not comply with the legitimate demands of the workers, the latter would have the right to cease work. This is because ceasing of work would mean loss of productivity and loss of revenue the company earns from it. The second rule that the management may refute is that the employees have the right to seek justice under the Fair Work 2009. This is because such actions form the workers would attract legal actions against the company from the government, which in turn would attract further penalty and monetary loss. It would also result in loss of goodwill in the market and long-term loss of business due to loss of goodwill. The reasonable final offer from the factory managers would be regarding the break of forty minutes as a part of the working hours and in fact, increase the compensation. They should allow workers compensations like paid leaves, paid lunch breaks and bonuses. This is because increasing compensation would motivate the workers to perform higher. Lack of these compensations on the other hand would attract resentment and strikes, which would result in loss of production. Thus, the factory managers should offer compensations to workers to enhance their motivation. They as a result would increase the productivity, which would in the end, increase the profit of the management. References: Chan, C. K. C., Hui, E. S. I. (2014). The development of collective bargaining in China: From collective bargaining by riot to party state-led wage bargaining. The China Quarterly, 217, 221-242. D, F. (2017). Policy guidelines for collective bargaining and family planning. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 7 November 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12306650 Federal Register of Legislation - Australian Government. (2017). Legislation.gov.au. Retrieved 7 November 2017, from https://www.legislation.gov.au/Series/C2009A00028 Wright, D. A., Davis, D. A. (2014). An Exploratory Multi-Case Study of the Perceptions and Views of Academic Faculty Union Members Relative to Online Distance Education, Collective Bargaining Related Policy. Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy, (9), 26.

French Paintings of Napoleonic Wars free essay sample

Compares glories of war portrayed in Jean-Antoine Gros The Battle of Aboukir Theodore Gericaults Portrait of an Officer of the Chasseurs. The great French novelist, and occasional art critic, Stendhal was engaged in praising a particular painter when he wrote that though I have seen two or three thousand painted battle scenes I have seen two or three real ones. During the Napoleonic period the wars that were waged by France were such a major part of the lives of members of all classes that it is not surprising to find many paintings of war. As Stendhals only slightly exaggerated remark shows, such paintings were staples of contemporary art. The history of the paintings of military subjects embodies the great problem of the age in France and, to a lesser degree, throughout Europe. After the French Revolution, which heralded the supposed triumph of the common man, the rise of a true common man, Napoleon, to the status of conqueror of most of Europe and then self-declared Emperor of the. We will write a custom essay sample on French Paintings of Napoleonic Wars or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

Industry analysis Essays - Management, Strategic Management

Industry analysis Essays - Management, Strategic Management Industry analysis is a process that is characterized with the attempt of entrepreneurs to study and evaluate the current business environment. It is obvious, that every businessperson who wants to start his business should conduct industry analysis attentively. The main idea of industry analysis is to understand whether the current situation on the market and political situation in the country are safe for business. This issue is very important for small business that is very vulnerable to any changes of this kind. Industry analysis is an integral part of a business plan and when an entrepreneur wants to start his small business, he studies the market, its components, political freedom and social issues that influence success of every business. This analysis starts with the profound research of competitors. One should know his rivals well in order to be able to co-exist with them. If there are several small competitors, this situation is favorable for business, because all these rivals have equal chances for success. When there is a big corporation on the market, it will be very hard to compete with its huge ambitions. Next, one should study if there are substitute goods on the market. If ones production is original, he receives competitive advantage over his rivals. Next, one should learn if there is political support towards small business. When a state provides entrepreneurs with the support of this kind, its business environment is considered to be favorable. It is natural, that the situation on the market is changing constantly, so every big company conducts industry analysis several times per year. Small business conducts this analysis seasonably in order to keep its financial situation under control. Industry analysis is a good topic for analysis, because a student learns about the relevance of this document for the creation of a business plan. When you need to prepare a term paper about industry analysis, you should pay attention to its components, its urgency and its importance for small and middle business. You should write about such issues as competition on the market, political situation in the country, the problem of supply and demand, etc. Moreover, you are able to provide your teacher with a few examples of industry analysis conducted by small and big business. Every student requires original piece of help with term paper writing, because this process consumes much time and nerves. If you want to learn how to write your term paper effectively and how to research your subject from the right approach, you are able to read a free university term paper example on industry analysis written by a well-educated and multitasking expert.

Handwriting As A Means Of People Communicate Essay

Handwriting As A Means Of People Communicate - Essay Example Most people have ignored the subject of handwriting because it does not seem to be important. However, the author of this reading highlights his observations especially among children and how they value good handwriting. He considers the fact that although print media has taken effect in the modern world; writing remains to be a significant factor. It is also interesting how the author emphasizes the fact that practice makes perfect. This implies that with regular practice, those with poor handwriting can improve their skills. What is surprising about this reading is that the author does not fully explain how grownups can enhance their handwriting. Instead, it concentrates on how different writing skills can be used artistically. Another problem with this reading is that it focuses entirely on the Chinese people. It would be better if global comparisons across different cultures would be made. When I take a look at this reading, I ask myself whether indeed a person’s handwriti ng could be a reflection of the individual’s personality. This is because the author points out that bodily movement can be a reflection of thoughts. Another question is whether handwritings are translated differently or rather have different meanings in different cultures. I, however, think that the answer to this question is difficult to gauge since handwriting is simply the connection, pressure, size, and spacing of words. These factors have no elements of culture in them. This reading relates to other readings for the course in terms of highlighting different social elements and how they define the human nature. For instance, the author of this article uses handwriting as a social element to define human characteristics associated with the element such as personal order. This reading relates to my personal experiences in various ways.

The new development concerning management communication Essay

The new development concerning management communication - Essay Example "The meaning of my communication is the response I get." (Communication Skills - Solutions 4 Training) this quote illustrates the success of a properly managed communication process. The response generated as a result of a statement shows how good an individual in getting his point across; required diligently in the fields of marketing, advertising & successful running any type of industry. Developing sound communication skills is not a difficult task. Practice, knowledge & confidence are the key factors in this aspect. Globalization has transformed & diversified the industries around the globe making it compulsory to interact with multicultural citizens. Every company is performing multiple roles of communicator & the promoter at the same time, raising questions about * what *how & *whom to say. Organizations talk about their need for better communication skills but are unsure of how to solve the issue. Organizing interactive workshops & seminars to highlight & practice the art of c ommunication is required extensively nowadays. Whether understanding & dealing with the employees of a company, targeting an audience, projecting a concept through media; all these acts are acquired via communication. The modern times require interaction with people around the world, without the barriers of time & space. The advance technology has made it possible to communicate with individuals thousands of miles away. All this technology & modernism has changed the way of interaction. According to Philip Kotler in his book Marketing Management (564), currently there are a number of communication platforms: ADVERTISING: it is a paid promotion of ideas, goods or services, for example print & broadcast advertising, motion pictures, brochures, billboards, posters, display signs etc. SALES PROMOTION: a selection of short term enticement to endorse product sales. For example exhibitions, coupons, tradeshows, contests, complimentary gifts etc. PUBLIC RELATIONS: a variety of programs intended to promote a product or company's image. For example speeches, seminars, charity donations, sponsored events, company magazines etc. PERSONAL SELLING: confronted interaction through presentations & question answer sessions with one or more potential clients. For example sales meetings, samples, fairs, tradeshows etc. DIRECT MARKETING: communicate directly with customers through a dialog. For example mails, TV shopping, catalogs, telemarketing etc. In normal life & principally in business & industries a special communication process is followed to ensure the effective transfer of messages. The communication process is takes place between a sender & a receiver through two communication implements, message & media. In between them, are the communication tools encoding, decoding of the message sent; feedback & response from the sender after interpreting the idea. A factor present in between is noise; it is the misrepresentation of the message being sent when it's not conveyed effectively. (Philip Kotler- Marketing Management- eleventh edition, chapter 19:565) A successful management depends on how well the organizations comprehend this process & expends it in the organization & business perspectives. Dorothy Carnegie described this phenomenon in a very effective manner by saying, "Business, social, & personal

Ip2 1 managing organizational change Research Paper

Ip2 1 managing organizational change - Research Paper Example away from their daily operations, it raises an opportunity of making them focus on the issue at hand, thus making it possible to meet the goal of the organization (Dyer Jr., Dyer, & Dyer, 2013). Time - mostly, meetings go overtime and still some issues are either covered inadequately or not at all. There may be need for more than a day and this may put off members of the community who have other matters to attend to. Information sharing- the R&D organization would get an opportunity to share more information with the community on their desire to improve the performance of the organization. This way, the community also has an opportunity to give ideas on how to achieve this. Silent participants- there is a likelihood of having silent participants hence some significant opinions may be left out. This is because some people are fearful by nature and engaging everyone in such a large meeting may not be possible. Encourage teamwork- such a meeting would be a great opportunity to encourage teamwork among all the involved groups. This is because they will get a chance to brainstorming and together they will come up with

Development of New Medicines A History

Development of New Medicines A History AnnaMaria Roca As many diseases were able to be cured due to new medicines, new diseases are soaring such as AIDS. However, peoples lives have expanded all around the world due to so many studies that even included drugs. As strange as it sounds, medical drugs became the new thing to cure certain diseases such as tuberculosis. During the time of the 20th century, the medical advances increased in many areas. The advancement evolved in many areas in biology, chemistry, physiology, pharmacology, and technology. Due to the knowledge that brought to their understanding, diseases got new treatments and cures as more studies grew larger. â€Å"Toward the end of the 19th century the study of herbal, chemical, and mineral remedies (what was called material medica) was transformed into the laboratory science of pharmacology(Planetseed)†. Plant drugs such as opium were being analyized and examined. After a while, it was ready to be manufactured due to researchers becoming comfortable of their knowledge about the drugs. The pharmaceutical industry was marketing these products near the start of the 20th century. This is when aspirin was invented as the company Bayer used a systematic chemical named acetylsalicylic acid. Paul Ehrlich studied in pharmacology and created the first effective treatment for syphilis. He manufactured the arsenic-based compound Salvarsan in 1909. Ehrlich also created the word â€Å"chemotherapy† and due to that, formed the first antibiotic drug. Later on, a guy named Gerhard produced the first useful sulfa drug which is also an antibiotic. This was used to treat streptoccal, strep, and diseases, including meningitis. Even though viral diseases weren’t being cured by antibiotics, antiviral vaccines did. Smallpox and polio were important to the vaccines that cured them. Polio, which is mainly a disease of childhood, causes paralysis. Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin were two scientist that worke to develop a polio vaccine. However, two different versions of this vaccine were developled, which were brought into the world in the mid-1950s. Salk’s developed the vaccine that was used on the deadly virus, while Sabin’s was used on the live one. Both that were used resulted in success. Polio was mostly put to rest by the end of the 20th century. In the 1920s, Alexander Fleming studied mold samples and found something that could be very important in the medical field. Mold was growing on bacteria samples which killed them. He recognized the mold as penicillin. During World War II, they used this with their extended research on injured soldiers to test it out the new drug. It proved very effective against anthrax, tetanus, and syphilis. This was also the first drug that worked against pneumonia. â€Å"Antiretroviral drugs were developed in the 1980s to combat AIDS. (Retroviruses are a class of virus.) Viruses mutate so quickly, however, that developing antiviral (and antiretroviral) agents has proved very difficult (Planetseed)†. So due to this, the multiple studies and hard work to develop a vaccine for malaria and AIDS are unsuccessful. Other antiviral vaccines were also developed to cure measles, chickenpox, and influenza. Vaccines against human papillomavirus and shingles became available in 2006. The first antiviral drug in the 1970’s were acyclovir that helped against some forms of herpes. However, this doesn’t cure herpes but its useful for not breaking out in herpe sores or blisters. Researchers have used many different approaches to develop drugs for patients. One major revolution in treating illnesses was a new understanding of theimmune system. The advancement in immunology has brought progress to all of the autoimmune diseases. The autoimmune diseases include type 1 diabetes, lupus, muscular dystrophy, and rheumatoid arthritis.the research has led to the development of immunotherapy. That would the use of drugs to modify the immune system. As immunosuppressive drugs help treat autoimmune diseases, it also is a great success in the area of organ transplantation. First transplant to occur where the kidneys and then soon later become the first heart transplants. However, those patients didn’t survive that long due to their body’s immune system rejecting the new organs. Cyclosporins was then created as the first effective immunosuppressive drug to fix that problem. This advanced even further for todays modern surgery that allows any organ of the human body to be transplanted from one individual to another. AIDS brought the science of immunology to new studies. AIDS was considered a death sentence since it destroy s the immune system as it resists infection. However, antiretroviral drug treatments extends the lives of individuals for years who are infected for many years, but it still doesn’t have a real cure. Studies in the immunological medical search also dealt with genetics. The body’s cells and organisms that could infect it were studied. They then understood the roles of genes, the chromosomes and cell metabolism. Deocyribonuclei acid, also known as DNA is located at the core of the chromosome. After the study of the body’s cells, the biggest breakthrough then happened. A biochemist Frank Crick, and biologist James Watson were able to interpret the structure of DNA and were then able to use it in medicine. They found out that many diseases can be drawn to genes or defective chromosomes. Due to these findings, it is now possible to be tested for diseases like cystic fibrosis, huntingtyons chorea and forms of breast cancer. Genetic engineering even allows us to generate new drugs such as insulin, interferon, human growth hormone, and other hormones used to stimulate blood cell production. Physicist Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-rays and made it capable to look at the internal organs of the body. This resulted in easier diagnoses for broken bones, cancer, and other diseases. Later on a physiologist, invented the first electrocardiograph. This was used for people with heart problems which the device was used to record electrical activity of the heart muscles. Tubes were then used to drain fluids or used to put in medicine were put into the heart and liver. The technologies that were discovered were ultrasound imaging, computerized tomography scans, positron emission tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging. X-rays are a form of radiation which you would consider very dangerous to the body. After a while Radiologists realized that x rays were a form of radiation and are very dangerous to the body which resulted in them now using the lowest doses possible. They also became more knowledgeable about the use of X-rays to destroy unwanted cells. Radiation has become a treatment for cancer. Technology also helps people who need surgery. It allows the surgeon to look into further of the body which also allows radical invasive surgeries. Flexible endoscopes also became useful for hernias, gall bladders, kidneys, and knees. It is based on a fiber optic technology which is used for a keyhole surgery. It is a scope that has a laser which can cut like a sharp knife which makes a tiny incision. During the mid 20th century, a heart-lung machine was manufactured. It keeps patients alive by maintaining blood circulation while a surgeon is operating on an unbeating heart. Artificial organs are also a development that became useful for many individuals. Due to the fact that there aren’t enough organs for people, artificial organs help them to survive until one is found for them. Hemodialysis which was developed by a scientist named Willem Kolff. It helps patients live longer with kidney failure. Missing limbs were also being helped due to the development of prosthetics. Artificial limbs use to be made of metal and wood which later on turned into plastic that was developed in the mid-20th century. â€Å"But now, advanced materials, such as carbon fiber, high-tech plastics and metals, have enabled researchers to create devices that operate by electronic attachment to the muscles(Planetseed)†. In otherwords, Individuals lives have expanded all around the world due to so many studies of different things. The medical advancement evolved in many areas in biology, chemistry, physiology, pharmacology, and technology. Due to the knowledge that brought to their understanding like the medical drugs becoming a factor of helping people. As the studies grow, the more treamtns and cure grow because that is the key factor to it all. Studying and learning and eventually achieving what you’ve been working hard for doesn’t only help yourself but other lives as well. WORKS CITED: 20th Century Medical Advances | History of Medicine | PlanetSEED. 20th Century Medical Advances | History of Medicine | PlanetSEED. Web. 18 May 2015. Parker, Steve. Medical Advances. Austin, Tex.: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1998. Print. Fong, Kevin. Extreme Medicine: How Exploration Transformed Medicine in the Twentieth Century. 2014. Print.

Al Capone Essay -- Criminal Crime Convict Al Capone Biography Essays

Al Capone Throughout America's history there have been many famous criminals, John Dillinger, John Gotti, Lucky Luciano, just to name a few. However, due to his extreme wealth and Godfather like status, the most notorious and famous one might have been Al Capone. Alphonse Capone was born in Brooklyn, New York on January 17, 1899 to immigrants from Naples, Italy. At a very young age, he became involved in organized crime by quitting school after sixth grade and joining a local neighborhood gang. There he met Johnny Torio, who would be his eventual mentor for the crime organization in the city of Chicago. Soon Capone really hit the big time in organized crime when he joined the famous Manhattan Five Points Gang and their leader Frankie Yale, working as a bartender and bouncer. There he received his nickname, "scarface", when he was cut on his left cheek during a conflict while working at the gang's club. Under Yale, it was thought that Capone did his first of many killings. However, like many other gangsters at the time, Capone was never tried for his "alleged" or "ordered" murders do to prominence and the power that these crime families had in the community ("Capone, Al"). At the same time Capone was working for Yale, his boyhood friend Johnny Torrio moved to Chicago to help run the gambling and brothel business there under mob boss "Big Jim" Colosimo. When Colosimo was assassinated, Torrio became the new crime boss and sent for Capone to help him run the busines...

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ENGLISH 1119 TRIAL SPM PAPERS FROM OTHER STATES 2012 STATE KELANTAN POEM Are You Still Playing Your Flute? NOVEL A character that inspires you DIRECTED WRITING An article for the school magazine on how to lead a healthy lifestyle SBP He Had Such Quiet Eyes A character who portrays a moral value in the story. A Report to the Principal on â€Å"the causes and effects of haze† KEDAH Are You Still Playing Your Flute? â€Å"Caring towards others is an important value† How is this portrayed in the novel? An article for the school magazine about some study tips to improve students’ cademic performance PERAK Nature A character that shows determination A Report to the Principal on â€Å"the causes and suggestions to overcome the rise in disciplinary cases†Ã¢â‚¬ NEGERI SEMBILAN Nature A character you feel sorry for. Give reasons A Letter of complaint to the manager of a restaurant MELAKA He Had Such Quiet Eyes An important lesson learnt from the novel. Give evidenc es An article for the school magazine about the last 5 years spent in secondary school CONTINUOUS WRITING 1) Describe something that you enjoy doing most 2) How teenagers should spend their time ) What will you do with your money if you are rich? 4) Write a story beginning with: â€Å"When I heard the news, I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  5) Life 1) Describe a scene after a disaster 2) A pleasant dream. 3) Write a story ending with: â€Å"†¦he left and closed the door behind him quietly. † 4) Success comes to those who work hard. Do you agree? 5) Strength 1)Why should children help their parents at home? 2) Describe the scene during recess in school 3) Power 4) My life is a joy 5) Write a story which begins with: â€Å"It was a miserable day until the phone rang†¦. † 1) An ideal holiday )The benefits of saving when you are young. 3) Social networking brings more harm than good. Discuss. 4) Write a story which begins with: â€Å"I woke up and could not remember what had hap pened†¦. † 5) Choices 1) Describe a fund-raising project you had participated in recently 2) Teenagers should not be allowed to drive. Do you agree? 3) If you had the chance, which foreign language would you like to study? 4) Write a short story beginning with: â€Å"She had been crying all day. † 5) Holidays 1) Describe the strangest person you have met in your life ) Write a story ending with: â€Å"†¦goodbye forever. † 3) Social networking brings more advantages than disadvantages. Do you agree? 4) My ideal school 5) Movies SELANGOR He had such Quiet Eyes A character whom you like the most An article for the school magazine about some acts of kindness that you can practice 1) Describe a journey that you have enjoyed 2) Do you think parents should be sent to a home in old age? Give reasons. 3) What are the qualities you look for in a friend? 4) Write a story beginning with: â€Å"I listened to her words†¦.5) Fast food PAHANG – He had such Quiet Eyes â€Å"Family relationship is important in one’s life†. How is this shown in the novel? An article for the school bulletin about the Do’s and Don’ts when attending a job interview 1) Describe an enjoyable day you have experienced in your life 2) Save water to save the Earth. Discuss 3) My dream job 4) Write a story beginning with: â€Å" It was a promise of wonderful happenings†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  5) Teacher PULAU PINANG Are You Still Playing Your Flute? Give some instances that show the character’s courage An article for the chool magazine about how to make your classroom a conducive place to study TERENGGANU Are You Still Playing Your Flute? â€Å"It is important to have a strong family relationship†. How is this shown in the novel An article for the school magazine about a cleanliness campaignMARA Nature A decision made by a character that has changed his/her life An article for the school magazine on â€Å"Road safety tips for students† 1) Describe a dream you will never forget 2) Co-curricular activities build character. Do you agree? 3) The qualities of a good friend ) Write a story beginning with: â€Å"It was like any other normal Monday morning †¦. † 5) Secrets 1) What I like about myself 2) â€Å"Teenagers nowadays lack the sense of responsibility†. Do you agree? 3) Health is wealth 4) Write a story ending with: â€Å"†¦we were glad as it was finally over† 5) Smiles 1)Describe a scene at the school canteen during recess 2) Parents should allow teenagers to make their own decisions. Discuss 3) If you had a day to do anything you like, what would you do and why 4) Write a story beginning with: â€Å"I couldn’t believe my eyes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  5) Wishes PERLIS

Hamlet Literary Analysis Essay

Carl Jung is an expert in freudian theory but with a strong sense of the unconscious and its habit of revealing itself in symbolic form. His personality theory â€Å"The persona† is an archetype, or an organized principle based on things we see or do. Hamlet is an example of a person who is doing whatever it takes to accomplish what he thinks is right. Claudius gives a â€Å"false impression† that he uses to manipulate people’s opinions towards Hamlet. Through the physiological lens of Carl Jung, Hamlet comes off as insane trying to avenge his fathers death, while Claudius is the one trying to convince everyone he’s mad, to take his rightful place as king. Hamlet displays false impressions by pretending to be mad. He does this in order to get attention from his mother, who does not believe him when he tries to explain to her what the ghost told him about Claudius. Hamlet in despair thought that his plans were pointless and did not know what to do without the support he needed from his mother. This shows the ego nature of Hamlet. Hamlet is young and focuses a great deal on his ego and worries about the trivialities of the persona displaying his false impressions. Hamet only false impression. Hamlet was deceitful, he would create spectacles in which people would misinterpret his actions for someone who might be insane. â€Å"To be or not to be, that is the question† (III, i, 56) This is the question Hamlet is contemplating throughout the book, to live, or to die. He struggles with the thought of suicide many times as a result of no one believing him. Pretending to be mad is the only way he can come up with to try to avenge his fathers death. This quote emphasizes Hamlets inner struggle to cope with two opposing thoughts in his mind, preserving his moral integrity or avenging his father’s death. It’s hard to say if Hamlet is ever really insane in the play. He struggles with life changing decisions that can potentially change many lives, which would be good reasoning for causing madness. There are many points where you might believe Hamlet himself doesn’t even know the difference between who he is and who is is pretending to be. In order to keep his crown on the throne of Denmark, Claudius manipulates events, people’s lives and relationships. He makes use of his power along with other’s loyalty and trust. We know Hamlets hatred towards Claudius, for marrying his mother and trying to steal his place as king. But Hamlet is the only one who believes this, everyone else isn’t aware of his intentions. It is clear that we are intended to see Claudius not as a murderous villain, but a multi-faceted villain: someone who cannot refrain from doing what he feels is right. He is morally weak, and content to trade his humanity for very little. Claudius shows a strong false impression, proved by Carl Jung’s theory to be a â€Å"mask† used to present himself to the world. He’s trying to replace the King by taking everything that was his. â€Å"Though yet of Hamlet our dear brother’s death The memory be green, and that it us befitted To bear our hearts in grief and our whole kingdom To be contracted in one brow of woe,Yet so far hath discretion fought with nature That we with wisest sorrow think on him,Together with remembrance of ourselves†(1.2. 1) Here Claudius is talking to his people about how they should be mourning Old King Hamlet’s death, but it would be wise for the whole kingdom to move on quickly. This is part of the â€Å"mask† he is wearing for the people, considering hes the one who killed the King in the first place. Carl Jung’s theory proves itself to be true for both Hamlet and Claudius in the Play. His theory on the persona representing your public image is different, but apparent for both of them. For Hamlet, a false impression is apparent but for his gain only, He is pretending to be insane towards his mother because that the only way he feels he can get her attention. Claudius portrays a false impression towards all the people, because he is the only one that truly knows Hamlet is sane. His â€Å"mask† is to cover himself up for the Kings Murder. The truth comes out when its apparent He wants Hamlet killed. Jung states that at its worst, false impressions, can be mistaken, even by ourselves, for our true nature. This happens to Hamlet as he mistakes himself for many things he is not. â€Å"If one does not understand a person, one tends to regard him as a fool. † (Mysterium Coniunctionis). This relates to how everyone believes Hamlet is mad because they don’t understand what he saw and heard from his fathers ghost. Through the physiological lens of Carl Jung, Hamlet comes off as insane trying to avenge his fathers death and prove to his mother all he knows, while Claudius is the one trying to convince everyone he’s mad, to take his rightful place as king.

Witness for the Prosecution

Witness for the Prosecution There has been a murder in 1950s England. Miss Emily French, a woman approaching age 60, was found dead in her house on Friday October the 14th. Her housekeeper was away that evening and Miss Emilys   only other friend, Leonard Vole, was the last person to see her alive. The murder occurred at approximately 9:30 at night. Leonard Vole insists he was at his own home at that time, however the housekeeper, Janet Mackenzie, says she heard him speaking with Miss Emily French at 9:25 when Janet briefly returned home to pick up a sewing pattern. Leonard Vole has retained the services of a solicitor, Mr. Mayhew, and barrister, Sir Wilfred Robarts, QC. Leonard Vole is an extremely likeable man with a story that could either be 1.) the most believable tale of a nice man down on his luck who made friends with an older woman or 2.) the perfect set-up for the chance to inherit close to a million pounds. When Miss Emily French’s last will and testament names Leonard as the sole beneficiary of her estate, it seems Leonard will be found guilty. Only Leonard’s wife, Romaine, has a chance of persuading the jury of Leonard’s innocence. But Romaine has a few secrets and a hidden agenda of her own and she isn’t sharing the details with anyone. Production Details Setting: Sir Wilfred Robart’s offices, English Courtroom Time: 1950s Cast Size: This play can accommodate 13 actors with numerous non-speaking small roles as the jury and courtroom attendants. Male Characters: 8 Female Characters: 5 Characters that could be played by either males or females: 0 Content Issues:  Stabbing Roles Carter is Sir Wilfred’s clerk. He is an older gentleman who prides himself on keeping good time and good order of his boss’s offices. Greta is Sir Wilfred’s typist. She is described as â€Å"adenoidal† and flighty. She is easily distracted by the people who come into the office, especially if she has read about them in the newspaper. Sir Wilfred Robarts, QC is the well-respected barrister on Leonard Vole’s case. He prides himself on reading people and their intentions perfectly the first time he meets them. He is knowledgeable and puts genuine effort into each case he tries. Mr. Mayhew is the solicitor on Leonard Vole’s case. He assists Sir Wilfred in office work and provides another pair of eyes and ears to examine the evidence and consider strategies. His knowledge and opinions are invaluable assets for the case. Leonard Vole appears to be the all-around good-natured sort of man one would enjoy befriending. He has dreams and aspirations that will not come to fruition in his current financial situation, but he is not a complainer. He has the ability to endear himself to anyone, especially to women. Romaine is Leonard’s wife. Their marriage is not technically legal, as she is still married (on paper) to a man from her native Germany. Although Leonard insists that Romaine loves him and is devoted to him, she is a difficult woman to read. She has her own agenda and is skeptical that anyone will be able to help her. Mr. Myers, QC is the prosecuting barrister. He and Sir Wilfred, who often find themselves opposite one other in court, have a contentious relationship and. Both manage to keep civil tongues and behave when they appear in front of the judge, but their mutual animosity is evident. Mr. Justice Wainwright is the judge in Leonard Vole’s case. He is fair and handles the barristers and witnesses with a firm hand. He is not above inserting his opinion or telling a story if need be. Janet Mackenzie was Miss Emily French’s housekeeper and companion for twenty years. She has an unyielding personality. She is not charmed by Leonard Vole and has a very dim opinion of him as a person. Other Smaller Roles and Non-speaking Roles Inspector Hearne Plain Clothes Detective Third Juror Second Juror Foreman of the Jury Court Usher Clerk of the Court Alderman Judge’s Clerk Court Stenographer Warder Barristers (6) Policeman Dr. Wyatt Mr. Clegg The Other Woman Production Notes Set. The two must-have sets for Witness for the Prosecution are Sir Wilfred’s office and the courtroom. For this show – no minimalistic approaches. The sets ought to be built and dressed according to resemble a formal barrister’s office and courtroom of the time period. Costumes must be period specific and of note are the traditional wigs and robes worn in British courtrooms by the barristers, judges, and solicitors. Because the time span of the play is six weeks, some actors will need several costume changes. The playwright provides a specific note on doubling up the roles actors may play in order for smaller casts to still achieve the â€Å"spectacle† of the courtroom. She offers a template for the roles that may be reduced or be cast by the using the same actor. This template is available in the script offered from Samuel French. However, Christie stresses that the same actress that plays Greta should not play the role of â€Å"The Other Woman.† Even though the two characters never appear onstage at the same time, Christie does not want the audience to think that it is part of the plot and that Greta is in fact The Other Woman. Christie goes on to offer suggestions that â€Å"local amateurs† be used to fill out the courtroom scene or even that the audience be invited to sit on the stage. Playwright Agatha Christie (1890 – 1976) is beloved and renowned mystery writer from England. She is best known for her novels and such characters as Miss Marple, Hercule Pirot, and Tommy and Tuppence. Her stories focus on mysteries and murder; where the truth is found in the details and the characters are never who they first appear to be. Her play Mousetrap claims the title of longest running play with a production history that spans over 60 years. Agatha Christie is so prolific and popular that only Shakespeare and the Bible have only outsold her works. Samuel French holds the production rights for Witness for the Prosecution.

Types of Military Institutions in the U.S Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Types of Military Institutions in the U.S - Essay Example I also knew that we would be sneaking around Howard if we wanted to get rid of anything or he would likely have a coronary then and there. I suppose Marley and Howard were my best friends, met when my husband and I bought the property across the street though we never really became close until Tom moved out. Marley oldest daughter had passed away before I moved in though theirs a son in Pennsylvania who comes a few times a year when his health is good. Marley and Howard both will tell you that their life has been blessed as they’ve known and lived a beautiful life, though it was difficult for some time when Ariel passed on. Marley will wake up some mornings and say soon, little Ariel, soon enough. This morning Howards going to mow the grass as he still calls it though everyone in the neighborhood knows he’s in the swing under the pecan tree and Mat from across the street cuts, glad to get 20 bucks and not a bit bashful about not telling Ms. Marley about it. Just as well since for 5 or 6 years Marley has never mentioned it, instead muttering under her breath that shouldn’t be out cutting the grass at this age, to which he always replies you take care women’s work, let me take care of the men’s work. And that would end the argument, Marley only half arguing anyways to see what Howard would say and it may be just as likely that Howard does the same thing, figuring Marley’s’ seen him in the shade under the pecan tree by now with Mat mowing the yard. It’s gone on for years that way, no harm done. Finally when Howard was outside the house puttering with the yard we could get down to business. Black bags for those we wanted to donate, small boxes for those we wanted to have a appraised, white bags for those the ladies at the church might read, and a laundry basket for magazines that we might want to keep for crafts and we were ready start. Marley started pulling them off the lower shelf’s while I, being ta ller, started up top. We’d wait until we had a nice size stack before going through them. When we had bit to work with we sat down and started plundering. I was thrilled to find over 30 Little Golden Books for children in perfect condition! Marley, you can’t toss these out! Oh No, the church nursery will find a great use for them and I know they will be well appreciated, besides no more babies expected, ya know. I was somewhat hard hearted because I knew they must at one time been read to her children. Might I keep one Marley? She looked surprised and said well yes of course you can your welcome to anything here. I thought you might, don’t let me start crying. We placed all but one in the church bag. Then was Poor Richards Almanac of 1898! What about the church? Surely not worth appraising and they’d love to show it off. I agree and off it went. Next we came to a small set of four signed Frederick Douglas books from 1934; these were very exciting and boxe d them right up to be appraised. Still more common book, bought recently, Stephen King, Danielle Steele, Opera’

Religions world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Religions world - Essay Example The perception is likened to a seed that will naturally and inevitable mature to create another fruit. This pattern in inevitable and out of our control. The other perception is based on the general role of karma to influence results and action (Matthews 109). This level covers the entire process karmic action as provided by Buddhist teachers. Under the Buddhism path, genuine and accurate explanation of karmic action is developed. The accuracy of the process is only explained by the assumption that a person’s action shaped the consequences or outcome of the entire process (Matthews 142). In addition, the religious perspective includes the assumption that karma dictate the cycle of rebirth in human beings. In an argument by Matthews Buddhism does view karma and enforced by a supernatural being, but as a natural cycle that must occur regardless of the intent to action by a person (109). For this reason, intent towards an action, either negative, positive or neutral attracts a karmic result. Different from Buddhism the perception of Karma in Jainism includes the assumption that karma is a cause of our actions from the mind, body and soul. Consequently, a person attracts karma when they think negatively about another person. In addition, Matthews asserts that in Jainism good actions are not important if the thoughts of a person are not good (161). The theory also develop the assumption that karma exists in small particles, pudgala, across the universe. The particles ensure that karmas are attracted to the karmic field by vibrations from the mind, soul and body. With no person or being controlling the vice, Jainism believes that every person has a similar potential to attain eternity. However, this can only be achieved if a person tries and attains it by minimizing their karma. The concept of karma in Hinduism is similar to the other religions as it cites the action of a man determines the consequences of the results. However, early